by Luca Marazzi* Although water quality monitoring programmes extensively use diatoms in North America and Europe, this is not the case (yet) in emerging and developing countries. Dalu and Froneman (2016) reviewed diatom-based monitoring in sub-Saharan Africa, concluding that (i) much more training of new experts and financial resources to buy microscopes and identification guides are required to make the most of the ecological indicator properties of these algae; (ii) a stronger focus should be placed on multidisciplinary projects to quantify diatom species tolerances and ecological requirements and (iii) the extensive taxonomic literature (see Fig. 1) needs to be made more widely available, for example online. Fig. 1. Reprints and publications on diatom ecology and taxonomy of the South African Diatom Collection at the South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity National Diatom Collection at North-West University, South Africa ( Source : Harding et al., 2004). ...
Geological setting in Finland The last glaciation, approximately 10 000 years ago, eroded and deposited material leaving behind a landscape full of glacial landforms in northern Europe. These landforms include thick layers of basal tills, glaciofluvial eskers, and moraines, to name a few. The retreating glacier also left behind a multitude of lakes in Finland. These lakes are often shallow and elongated in the direction of the ice flow. A majority of the lakes are located in central-eastern Finland, called the Finnish Lake District, where a relatively coarse-grained basal till covers most of the land surface. These tills deposited under actively flowing ice lobes that flushed away the finer materials. However, in the intersection of two actively flowing ice lobes, a passive interlobate area formed. This wedge-shaped area pierces central Finland in a NW-SE direction and is characterized by fine-grained basal till. The coastal areas of Finland, on the other hand, were under water ...
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